hepunit.py

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"""
# ==================================================================
#   Python module
#
#   This module defines physical units and constants used in HEP,
#   which are imported from CLHEP library.
#
#                                              Q, 2005
# ==================================================================
"""
#$Id: hepunit.py 66892 2013-01-17 10:57:59Z gunter $
 
from __future__ import division
 
# ==================================================================
# imported from "SystemOfUnits.h"
# ==================================================================
millimeter  = 1.
millimeter2 = millimeter*millimeter
millimeter3 = millimeter*millimeter*millimeter
 
centimeter  = 10.*millimeter
centimeter2 = centimeter*centimeter
centimeter3 = centimeter*centimeter*centimeter
 
meter  = 1000.*millimeter
meter2 = meter*meter
meter3 = meter*meter*meter
 
kilometer = 1000.*meter
kilometer2 = kilometer*kilometer
kilometer3 = kilometer*kilometer*kilometer
 
parsec = 3.0856775807e+16*meter
 
micrometer = 1.e-6 *meter
nanometer = 1.e-9 *meter
angstrom  = 1.e-10*meter
fermi     = 1.e-15*meter
 
barn = 1.e-28*meter2
millibarn = 1.e-3 *barn
microbarn = 1.e-6 *barn
nanobarn = 1.e-9 *barn
picobarn = 1.e-12*barn
 
# symbols
mm  = millimeter
mm2 = millimeter2
mm3 = millimeter3
 
cm  = centimeter  
cm2 = centimeter2
cm3 = centimeter3
 
m  = meter
m2 = meter2
m3 = meter3
 
km  = kilometer
km2 = kilometer2
km3 = kilometer3
 
pc = parsec
 
#
# Angle
#
radian      = 1.                  
milliradian = 1.e-3*radian
degree = (3.14159265358979323846/180.0)*radian
 
steradian = 1.
 
# symbols
rad  = radian
mrad = milliradian
sr   = steradian
deg  = degree
 
#
# Time [T]
#
nanosecond  = 1.
second      = 1.e+9 *nanosecond
millisecond = 1.e-3 *second
microsecond = 1.e-6 *second
picosecond = 1.e-12*second
 
hertz = 1./second
kilohertz = 1.e+3*hertz
megahertz = 1.e+6*hertz
 
# symbols
ns = nanosecond
s = second
ms = millisecond
 
#
# Electric charge [Q]
#
eplus = 1.              # positron charge
e_SI  = 1.60217733e-19  # positron charge in coulomb
coulomb = eplus/e_SI    # coulomb = 6.24150 e+18 * eplus
 
#
# Energy [E]
#
megaelectronvolt = 1.
electronvolt = 1.e-6*megaelectronvolt
kiloelectronvolt = 1.e-3*megaelectronvolt
gigaelectronvolt = 1.e+3*megaelectronvolt
teraelectronvolt = 1.e+6*megaelectronvolt
petaelectronvolt = 1.e+9*megaelectronvolt
 
joule = electronvolt/e_SI # joule = 6.24150 e+12 * MeV
 
# symbols
MeV = megaelectronvolt
eV  = electronvolt
keV = kiloelectronvolt
GeV = gigaelectronvolt
TeV = teraelectronvolt
PeV = petaelectronvolt
 
#
# Mass [E][T^2][L^-2]
#
kilogram = joule*second*second/(meter*meter)
gram = 1.e-3*kilogram
milligram = 1.e-3*gram
 
# symbols
kg = kilogram
g  = gram
mg = milligram
 
#
# Power [E][T^-1]
#
watt = joule/second # watt = 6.24150 e+3 * MeV/ns
 
#
# Force [E][L^-1]
#
newton = joule/meter # newton = 6.24150 e+9 * MeV/mm
 
#
# Pressure [E][L^-3]
#
pascal     = newton/m2     # pascal = 6.24150 e+3 * MeV/mm3
bar        = 100000*pascal # bar    = 6.24150 e+8 * MeV/mm3
atmosphere = 101325*pascal # atm    = 6.32420 e+8 * MeV/mm3
 
#
# Electric current [Q][T^-1]
#
ampere      = coulomb/second # ampere = 6.24150 e+9 * eplus/ns
milliampere = 1.e-3*ampere
microampere = 1.e-6*ampere
nanoampere  = 1.e-9*ampere
 
#
# Electric potential [E][Q^-1]
#
megavolt = megaelectronvolt/eplus
kilovolt = 1.e-3*megavolt
volt = 1.e-6*megavolt
 
#
# Electric resistance [E][T][Q^-2]
#
ohm = volt/ampere # ohm = 1.60217e-16*(MeV/eplus)/(eplus/ns)
 
#
# Electric capacitance [Q^2][E^-1]
#
farad = coulomb/volt # farad = 6.24150e+24 * eplus/Megavolt
millifarad = 1.e-3*farad
microfarad = 1.e-6*farad
nanofarad = 1.e-9*farad
picofarad = 1.e-12*farad
 
#
# Magnetic Flux [T][E][Q^-1]
#
weber = volt*second # weber = 1000*megavolt*ns
 
#
# Magnetic Field [T][E][Q^-1][L^-2]
#
tesla     = volt*second/meter2 # tesla =0.001*megavolt*ns/mm2
 
gauss     = 1.e-4*tesla
kilogauss = 1.e-1*tesla
 
#
# Inductance [T^2][E][Q^-2]
#
henry = weber/ampere # henry = 1.60217e-7*MeV*(ns/eplus)**2
 
#
# Temperature
#
kelvin = 1.
 
#
# Amount of substance
#
mole = 1.
 
#
# Activity [T^-1]
#
becquerel = 1./second 
curie = 3.7e+10 * becquerel
 
#
# Absorbed dose [L^2][T^-2]
#
gray = joule/kilogram 
 
#
# Luminous intensity [I]
#
candela = 1.
 
#
# Luminous flux [I]
#
lumen = candela*steradian
 
#
# Illuminance [I][L^-2]
#
lux = lumen/meter2
 
#
# Miscellaneous
# 
perCent     = 0.01 
perThousand = 0.001
perMillion  = 0.000001
 
 
# ==================================================================
# imported from "PhysicalConstants.h"
# ==================================================================
pi     = 3.14159265358979323846
twopi  = 2.*pi
halfpi = pi/2.
pi2    = pi*pi
 
# 
Avogadro = 6.0221367e+23/mole
 
# c   = 299.792458 mm/ns
# c^2 = 898.7404 (mm/ns)^2 
c_light   = 2.99792458e+8 * m/s
c_squared = c_light * c_light
 
# h     = 4.13566e-12 MeV*ns
# hbar  = 6.58212e-13 MeV*ns
# hbarc = 197.32705e-12 MeV*mm
h_Planck      = 6.6260755e-34 * joule*s
hbar_Planck   = h_Planck/twopi
hbarc         = hbar_Planck * c_light
hbarc_squared = hbarc * hbarc
 
#
electron_charge = - eplus # see SystemOfUnits.h
e_squared = eplus * eplus
 
# amu_c2 - atomic equivalent mass unit
# amu    - atomic mass unit
electron_mass_c2 = 0.51099906 * MeV
proton_mass_c2 = 938.27231 * MeV
neutron_mass_c2 = 939.56563 * MeV
amu_c2 = 931.49432 * MeV
amu = amu_c2/c_squared
 
# permeability of free space mu0    = 2.01334e-16 Mev*(ns*eplus)^2/mm
# permittivity of free space epsil0 = 5.52636e+10 eplus^2/(MeV*mm)
mu0      = 4*pi*1.e-7 * henry/m
epsilon0 = 1./(c_squared*mu0)
 
# electromagnetic coupling = 1.43996e-12 MeV*mm/(eplus^2)
elm_coupling           = e_squared/(4*pi*epsilon0)
fine_structure_const   = elm_coupling/hbarc
classic_electr_radius  = elm_coupling/electron_mass_c2
electron_Compton_length = hbarc/electron_mass_c2
Bohr_radius = electron_Compton_length/fine_structure_const
 
alpha_rcl2 = fine_structure_const * classic_electr_radius \
                                  * classic_electr_radius
twopi_mc2_rcl2 = twopi * electron_mass_c2 \
                 * classic_electr_radius \
                 * classic_electr_radius
 
#
k_Boltzmann = 8.617385e-11 * MeV/kelvin
 
#
STP_Temperature = 273.15*kelvin
STP_Pressure    = 1.*atmosphere
kGasThreshold   = 10.*mg/cm3
 
#
universe_mean_density = 1.e-25*g/cm3